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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| XDP.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| JN.1.31 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| JN.1.11.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| JD.1.1.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| JN.1.13.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| JN.1.32.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | 1233.44 | Japan |
| JN.1.4.7 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| BA.2.86.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| JN.1.34 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| JN.1.16.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LW.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LP.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LB.1.2.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.3.3.3 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| ML.2 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.2.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.3.1.6 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.3.3 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.3.1.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KS.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| MM.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| JN.1.48.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -495.687 | Japan |
| KP.4.2.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.3.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| MC.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LB.1.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LP.1.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| JN.1.50.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| MH.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LB.1.3.2 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LB.1.3.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.3.4 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LB.1.2 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.2.6 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| MA.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| KP.3.1.4 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| LB.1.8 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -22762.7 | Japan |
| XBB.1.5.81 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| CH.1.1.20 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| XBL.3.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| XBB.2.4 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| XBB.1.28.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| GA.6.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| XBB.1.5.61 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| FR.1.2 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| FL.2.2.1 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| FL.25 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| FL.33 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -1403.3 | Japan |
| FL.29 | S | WuhanCoV-spk1 | TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT | 24 | 33.33 | 24354 | 24377 | F | -23366.4 | Japan |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |