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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LN.1.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| LN.1.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| JN.1.25.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| JN.1.25.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| JN.1.16.2 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| JN.1.16.2 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| JN.1.57.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| JN.1.57.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| JN.1.44.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| JN.1.44.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| LY.2 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| LY.2 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| XDQ.1.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| XDQ.1.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| JN.18 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| JN.18 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| GJ.1.2.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| GJ.1.2.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| HK.3.2.2 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| HK.3.2.2 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| HK.2.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| HK.2.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| GW.5.3.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| GW.5.3.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| FL.9 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| FL.9 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| HK.23.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| HK.23.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| JE.1.1.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| JE.1.1.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| XBB.1.5.83 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| XBB.1.5.83 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| XBB.1.5.32 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| XBB.1.5.32 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| XDP.3 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| XDP.3 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| KR.5 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| KR.5 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| KZ.1.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| KZ.1.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| KS.1.2 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| KS.1.2 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| BA.1.19 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| BA.1.19 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| HN.1 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| HN.1 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| HN.3 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| HN.3 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| HK.13 | N | Chan-N | GCGTTCTTCGGAATGTCG | 18 | 55.56 | 29210 | 29227 | F | -21207.6 | China |
| HK.13 | N | Chan-N | TTGGATCTTTGTCATCCAATTTG | 23 | 34.78 | 29306 | 29284 | R | -21867.4 | China |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |