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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AY.43.7 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| AY.43.7 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.33.1 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| AY.33.1 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XD | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| XD | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.493 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.493 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.351.2 (Beta) | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.351.2 (Beta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.640.2 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.640.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.1.352 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.1.352 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.1.251 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.1.251 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| HC.1 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| HC.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XCJ | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| XCJ | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| FT.2 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| FT.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| FZ.2 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| FZ.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.177.85 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.177.85 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.66 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| AY.66 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.72 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| AY.72 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.133 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| AY.133 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.5.1 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| AY.5.1 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.169 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.169 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.53 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.53 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.4.1 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.4.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.528 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.528 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.1.175 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.1.175 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.6.3 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.6.3 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.483 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.483 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.1.181 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| B.1.1.181 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |