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Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used
LF.3	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-16362.7	Japan
LF.3	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
MD.1.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-16362.7	Japan
MD.1.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
LP.3	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-16362.7	Japan
LP.3	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
JN.1.5	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-16362.7	Japan
JN.1.5	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
DL.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
DL.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
BA.5.1.15	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
BA.5.1.15	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
LE.1.3.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-16362.7	Japan
LE.1.3.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
XDR.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-16362.7	Japan
XDR.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
JN.1.49.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-16362.7	Japan
JN.1.49.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
EG.5.1.3	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
EG.5.1.3	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
HV.1.6	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
HV.1.6	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
XBB.1.16.11	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-16787.9	Japan
XBB.1.16.11	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
BA.1.1.16	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
BA.1.1.16	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
BA.1.18	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
BA.1.18	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.3.1 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.3.1 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
BA.1.21	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
BA.1.21	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
BA.1.1.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
BA.1.1.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.39.1 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.39.1 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.20 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.20 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.42 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.42 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.62 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.62 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.113 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.113 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.4 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.4 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.43 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.43 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
AY.98.1 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC	21	42.86	24364	24384	F	-20966	Japan
AY.98.1 (Delta)	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-22193.2	Japan
Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used