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Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used
XBB.1.5.26	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
XBB.1.5.26	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
GN.3	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
GN.3	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
FW.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
FW.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
FY.1.2.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
FY.1.2.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.1.636	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.1.636	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.1.126	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.1.126	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
BQ.1.1.47	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
BQ.1.1.47	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
XDQ.3	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
XDQ.3	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
JD.1.1.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
JD.1.1.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.1.325	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.1.325	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.1.22	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.1.22	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.1.521	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.1.521	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.1.378	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.1.378	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.1.206	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.1.206	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.28	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.28	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
B.1.1.77	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
B.1.1.77	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
JN.1.2.1	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
JN.1.2.1	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-14207.5	Hong Kong
HK.13.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
HK.13.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
HV.1.9	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
HV.1.9	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
XBB.2.3.16	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
XBB.2.3.16	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
CN.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
CN.2	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
BA.2.17	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
BA.2.17	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
BG.4	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
BG.4	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
BF.9	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
BF.9	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
BA.4.1.9	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	TGGGGYTTTACRGGTAACCT	20	45	18778	18797	F	-7043.36	Hong Kong
BA.4.1.9	ORF1ab	HKU-ORF1b	AACRCGCTTAACAAAGCACTC	21	42.86	18909	18889	R	-17655.9	Hong Kong
Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used