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Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used
B.1.1.134	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-23366.4	Japan
AY.39.1.3 (Delta)	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	TCATTGTTAATGCCTATATTAACC	24	29.17	14155	14178	F	-20695.4	Singapore
AY.39.1.3 (Delta)	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	CACTTAATGTAAGGCTTTGTTAAG	24	33.33	14243	14220	R	-22408	Singapore
AY.39.1.3 (Delta)	ORF1ab	Chan-ORF1ab	GTGTGATGTTGAWATGACATGGTC	24	41.67	16353	16330	R	-13317.5	China
AY.39.1.3 (Delta)	S	Young-S	ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC	24	37.5	21876	21853	R	-2999.47	Singapore
AY.39.1.3 (Delta)	E	Huang-E	ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT	24	37.5	26295	26318	F	-25022.8	China
AY.39.1.3 (Delta)	N	US-CDC-N-1	TCTGGTTACTGCCAGTTGAATCTG	24	45.83	28358	28335	R	-25148.4	US
AY.39.1.3 (Delta)	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-23366.4	Japan
BN.1.3.4	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	TCATTGTTAATGCCTATATTAACC	24	29.17	14155	14178	F	-20695.4	Singapore
BN.1.3.4	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	CACTTAATGTAAGGCTTTGTTAAG	24	33.33	14243	14220	R	-22408	Singapore
BN.1.3.4	ORF1ab	Chan-ORF1ab	GTGTGATGTTGAWATGACATGGTC	24	41.67	16353	16330	R	-13317.5	China
BN.1.3.4	S	Young-S	ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC	24	37.5	21876	21853	R	-22070.7	Singapore
BN.1.3.4	E	Huang-E	ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT	24	37.5	26295	26318	F	-25022.8	China
BN.1.3.4	N	US-CDC-N-1	TCTGGTTACTGCCAGTTGAATCTG	24	45.83	28358	28335	R	-25148.4	US
BN.1.3.4	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-23366.4	Japan
C.38	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	TCATTGTTAATGCCTATATTAACC	24	29.17	14155	14178	F	-20695.4	Singapore
C.38	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	CACTTAATGTAAGGCTTTGTTAAG	24	33.33	14243	14220	R	-22408	Singapore
C.38	ORF1ab	Chan-ORF1ab	GTGTGATGTTGAWATGACATGGTC	24	41.67	16353	16330	R	-13317.5	China
C.38	S	Young-S	ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC	24	37.5	21876	21853	R	-22070.7	Singapore
C.38	E	Huang-E	ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT	24	37.5	26295	26318	F	-25022.8	China
C.38	N	US-CDC-N-1	TCTGGTTACTGCCAGTTGAATCTG	24	45.83	28358	28335	R	-25148.4	US
C.38	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-12216.7	Japan
BA.1.3	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	TCATTGTTAATGCCTATATTAACC	24	29.17	14155	14178	F	-20695.4	Singapore
BA.1.3	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	CACTTAATGTAAGGCTTTGTTAAG	24	33.33	14243	14220	R	-22408	Singapore
BA.1.3	ORF1ab	Chan-ORF1ab	GTGTGATGTTGAWATGACATGGTC	24	41.67	16353	16330	R	-2892.01	China
BA.1.3	S	Young-S	ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC	24	37.5	21876	21853	R	-22070.7	Singapore
BA.1.3	E	Huang-E	ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT	24	37.5	26295	26318	F	-3064.43	China
BA.1.3	N	US-CDC-N-1	TCTGGTTACTGCCAGTTGAATCTG	24	45.83	28358	28335	R	-25148.4	US
BA.1.3	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-23366.4	Japan
XBC.2	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	TCATTGTTAATGCCTATATTAACC	24	29.17	14155	14178	F	-20695.4	Singapore
XBC.2	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	CACTTAATGTAAGGCTTTGTTAAG	24	33.33	14243	14220	R	-22408	Singapore
XBC.2	ORF1ab	Chan-ORF1ab	GTGTGATGTTGAWATGACATGGTC	24	41.67	16353	16330	R	-13317.5	China
XBC.2	S	Young-S	ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC	24	37.5	21876	21853	R	-21991.6	Singapore
XBC.2	E	Huang-E	ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT	24	37.5	26295	26318	F	-25022.8	China
XBC.2	N	US-CDC-N-1	TCTGGTTACTGCCAGTTGAATCTG	24	45.83	28358	28335	R	-25148.4	US
XBC.2	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-23366.4	Japan
Q.2 (Alpha)	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	TCATTGTTAATGCCTATATTAACC	24	29.17	14155	14178	F	-20695.4	Singapore
Q.2 (Alpha)	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	CACTTAATGTAAGGCTTTGTTAAG	24	33.33	14243	14220	R	-22408	Singapore
Q.2 (Alpha)	ORF1ab	Chan-ORF1ab	GTGTGATGTTGAWATGACATGGTC	24	41.67	16353	16330	R	-13317.5	China
Q.2 (Alpha)	S	Young-S	ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC	24	37.5	21876	21853	R	-22070.7	Singapore
Q.2 (Alpha)	E	Huang-E	ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT	24	37.5	26295	26318	F	-25022.8	China
Q.2 (Alpha)	N	US-CDC-N-1	TCTGGTTACTGCCAGTTGAATCTG	24	45.83	28358	28335	R	-25148.4	US
Q.2 (Alpha)	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-23366.4	Japan
BL.1.1	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	TCATTGTTAATGCCTATATTAACC	24	29.17	14155	14178	F	-20695.4	Singapore
BL.1.1	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	CACTTAATGTAAGGCTTTGTTAAG	24	33.33	14243	14220	R	-22408	Singapore
BL.1.1	ORF1ab	Chan-ORF1ab	GTGTGATGTTGAWATGACATGGTC	24	41.67	16353	16330	R	-13317.5	China
BL.1.1	S	Young-S	ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC	24	37.5	21876	21853	R	-22070.7	Singapore
BL.1.1	E	Huang-E	ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT	24	37.5	26295	26318	F	-25022.8	China
BL.1.1	N	US-CDC-N-1	TCTGGTTACTGCCAGTTGAATCTG	24	45.83	28358	28335	R	-25148.4	US
BL.1.1	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-23366.4	Japan
Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used