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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B.3.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.5.6 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.1.440 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.177.25 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.23.2 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.104 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.198 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| EG.1.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XAF | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BC.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -3384 | China |
| P.1.17.1 (Gamma) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BA.2.3.16 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.177.41 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.1.375 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BL.1.4 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BA.2.75.9 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XBH | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BL.1.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BQ.1.1.78 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.9.4 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BQ.1.1.64 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XBC.1.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.221.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| DP.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BL.1.5 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BN.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.177.62 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BA.2.82 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XBB.1.20 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BA.2.3.22 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BA.2.38.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BA.2.79.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XBB.1.47 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BF.7.18 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XAY.1.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BQ.1.1.55 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BY.1.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| EA.2 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XJ | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BR.5 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XBF.8 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| BA.5.1.29 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| CM.5.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| CM.8.1.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XBS | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.1.99 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| XBF.1.1 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| B.1.343 | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.4.17 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| AY.25.1.2 (Delta) | E | Huang-E | GCAGCAGTACGCACACAATC | 20 | 55 | 26376 | 26357 | R | -23540.5 | China |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |