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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DR.2 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BF.7.27 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| BF.7.27 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| BF.7.27 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| B.1.1.26 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| B.1.1.26 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| B.1.1.26 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| CM.8 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| CM.8 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| CM.8 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BA.5.1.27 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| BA.5.1.27 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| BA.5.1.27 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BF.16 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| BF.16 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| BF.16 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BA.5.5.3 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| BA.5.5.3 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| BA.5.5.3 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BA.5.2.59 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| BA.5.2.59 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| BA.5.2.59 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BF.15 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| BF.15 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| BF.15 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BQ.1.15 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| BQ.1.15 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| BQ.1.15 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| CA.5 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| CA.5 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| CA.5 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| CP.1 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| CP.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| CP.1 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| XBB.3.3 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| XBB.3.3 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| XBB.3.3 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| ED.3 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| ED.3 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| ED.3 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| CM.4 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| CM.4 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| CM.4 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BQ.1.4 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| BQ.1.4 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| BQ.1.4 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| CA.1 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| CA.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | GACATAGCGAGTGTATGCC | 19 | 52.63 | 823 | 805 | R | -20165.2 | Japan |
| CA.1 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -20677.6 | Japan |
| BN.1.9 | N | HKU-N | CGAAGGTGTGACTTCCATG | 19 | 52.63 | 29254 | 29236 | R | -20936.4 | Hong Kong |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |