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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG.5.1.9 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| EG.5.1.9 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| XCH | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -2999.47 | Singapore |
| XCH | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| JF.3 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| JF.3 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| GK.1.5 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| GK.1.5 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| JE.1 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| JE.1 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| JD.1.1.7 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| JD.1.1.7 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| XCK | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| XCK | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| GN.1.4 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| GN.1.4 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| XBB.1.16.27 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| XBB.1.16.27 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| GY.1.1 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| GY.1.1 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| HH.8 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| HH.8 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| HK.25 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| HK.25 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| EG.5.1.11 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| EG.5.1.11 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| HK.9 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| HK.9 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| XBB.2.3.15 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| XBB.2.3.15 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| GK.2.1 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| GK.2.1 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| HK.1.2 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| HK.1.2 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| HN.4.2 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| HN.4.2 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| XBB.1.16.17 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| XBB.1.16.17 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| GK.1.10 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| GK.1.10 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| FL.13.4.1 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| FL.13.4.1 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| EG.5.1.15 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| EG.5.1.15 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| JY.1 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| JY.1 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| XBB.1.16.24 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| XBB.1.16.24 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| HK.17 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -22070.7 | Singapore |
| HK.17 | E | Huang-E | ACTTCTTTTTCTTGCTTTCGTGGT | 24 | 37.5 | 26295 | 26318 | F | -25022.8 | China |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |