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Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used
JN.1.2.1	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
JN.1.2.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
HK.13.2	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
HK.13.2	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
HV.1.9	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
HV.1.9	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
XBB.2.3.16	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
XBB.2.3.16	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
BM.2.1	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
BM.2.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
XBE	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
XBE	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
BE.1.4.2	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
BE.1.4.2	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
BA.2.3.12	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
BA.2.3.12	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
BA.2.3.4	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
BA.2.3.4	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
CH.1.1.7	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
CH.1.1.7	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
XBB.1.27	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
XBB.1.27	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
BQ.1.10.2	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
BQ.1.10.2	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
BQ.1.1.36	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
BQ.1.1.36	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
EF.1.1.1	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
EF.1.1.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
BQ.1.32	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
BQ.1.32	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
EK.2	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
EK.2	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-2620.39	Japan
XBB.2.6.1	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
XBB.2.6.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-2620.39	Japan
DV.5	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
DV.5	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
FL.23.1	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
FL.23.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
XBB.1.5.64	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
XBB.1.5.64	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
BA.2.68	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
BA.2.68	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
AY.65 (Delta)	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
AY.65 (Delta)	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
B.1.466	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
B.1.466	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
L.4	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
L.4	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
B.1.1.339	N	Young-N	CTCAGTCCAAGATGGTATTTCT	22	40.91	28583	28604	F	-21953.9	Singapore
B.1.1.339	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-21257.9	Japan
Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used