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Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used
AY.125 (Delta)	ORF1ab	Yip-ORF1ab	TTGTTATAGCGGCCTTCTGT	20	45	1970	1951	R	-18080	China
JQ.1	ORF1ab	Yip-ORF1ab	TTGTTATAGCGGCCTTCTGT	20	45	1970	1951	R	-18080	China
B.1.1.138	ORF1ab	Yip-ORF1ab	TTGTTATAGCGGCCTTCTGT	20	45	1970	1951	R	-18080	China
JQ.2.1.1	ORF1ab	Yip-ORF1ab	TTGTTATAGCGGCCTTCTGT	20	45	1970	1951	R	-18080	China
BA.2.86.3	ORF1ab	Yip-ORF1ab	TTGTTATAGCGGCCTTCTGT	20	45	1970	1951	R	-18080	China
JQ.2.1	ORF1ab	Yip-ORF1ab	TTGTTATAGCGGCCTTCTGT	20	45	1970	1951	R	-18080	China
B.1.36.18	ORF1ab	Charité-ORF1b	GTGARATGGTCATGTGTGGCGG	22	54.55	15431	15452	F	-18082.8	Germany
B.1.1.50	ORF1ab	Charité-ORF1b	GTGARATGGTCATGTGTGGCGG	22	54.55	15431	15452	F	-18082.8	Germany
B.1.411	ORF1ab	Charité-ORF1b	GTGARATGGTCATGTGTGGCGG	22	54.55	15431	15452	F	-18082.8	Germany
B.1.532	ORF1ab	Charité-ORF1b	GTGARATGGTCATGTGTGGCGG	22	54.55	15431	15452	F	-18082.8	Germany
B.1.223	ORF1ab	Charité-ORF1b	GTGARATGGTCATGTGTGGCGG	22	54.55	15431	15452	F	-18082.8	Germany
B.1.1.46	N	SC2	CTGCAGATTTGGATGATTTCTCC	23	43.48	29463	29485	F	-18091.6	US
B.1.400.1	ORF1ab	Yip-ORF1ab	ATGCATTTGCATCAGAGGCT	20	45	1866	1885	F	-18092.1	China
AY.4.6 (Delta)	N	US-CDC-N-3	GGGAGCCTTGAATACACCAAAA	22	45.45	28681	28702	F	-18098.9	US
LF.1.1	N	Corman-N	CACATTGGCACCCGCAATC	19	57.89	28706	28724	F	-18100	Germany
GW.4	N	Corman-N	CACATTGGCACCCGCAATC	19	57.89	28706	28724	F	-18100	Germany
BN.1.1.1	N	Corman-N	CACATTGGCACCCGCAATC	19	57.89	28706	28724	F	-18100	Germany
B.1.540	N	Corman-N	CACATTGGCACCCGCAATC	19	57.89	28706	28724	F	-18100	Germany
XBB.1.5.10	N	Corman-N	CACATTGGCACCCGCAATC	19	57.89	28706	28724	F	-18100	Germany
BF.7.14.6	ORF1ab	Charité-ORF1b	GTGARATGGTCATGTGTGGCGG	22	54.55	15431	15452	F	-18109.3	Germany
LL.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
B.1.1.285	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
JN.1.53	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
FL.2.2.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
HK.13.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
JN.1.18.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
HQ.1	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
AY.108 (Delta)	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
BM.5	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
B.1.308	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
B.1.444	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
AA.2	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
B.1.35	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
B.1.258.11	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 F509R854	CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC	22	40.91	837	816	R	-18113.2	Japan
XBB.1.5.91	S	WuhanCoV-spk1	TTGGCAAAATTCAAGACTCACTTT	24	33.33	24354	24377	F	-18124.1	Japan
XBB.2.3.19	ORF1ab	Yip-ORF1ab	TTGTTATAGCGGCCTTCTGT	20	45	1970	1951	R	-18124.6	China
KP.3.2.5	ORF1ab	NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840	ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG	20	45	502	521	F	-18136.8	Japan
BA.2.26	ORF1ab	Pasteur-ORF1ab-1	CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT	18	44.44	12797	12780	R	-18140.8	France
BA.2.55	S	NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865	AAGACTCACTTTCTTCCACAG	21	42.86	24366	24386	F	-18152.9	Japan
BA.2.13.1	S	NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865	AAGACTCACTTTCTTCCACAG	21	42.86	24366	24386	F	-18152.9	Japan
KB.1	S	NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865	AAGACTCACTTTCTTCCACAG	21	42.86	24366	24386	F	-18152.9	Japan
XBB.1.5.97	S	NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865	AAGACTCACTTTCTTCCACAG	21	42.86	24366	24386	F	-18152.9	Japan
AV.1	N	US-CDC-N-3	TGTAGCACGATTGCAGCATTG	21	47.62	28752	28732	R	-18158.6	US
BN.1.4.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-18162	Japan
FU.1.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-18162	Japan
HU.1.1	S	NIID WH-1 F24381R24873	ATTTGAAACAAAGACACCTTCAC	23	34.78	24856	24834	R	-18162	Japan
BA.5.2	ORF1ab	Young-ORF1ab	TCATTGTTAATGCCTATATTAACC	24	29.17	14155	14178	F	-18175.2	Singapore
BL.5	N	US-CDC-N-2	TTACAAACATTGGCCGCAAA	20	40	29164	29183	F	-18180	US
BG.3	N	US-CDC-N-3	GGGAGCCTTGAATACACCAAAA	22	45.45	28681	28702	F	-18182.2	US
B.1.128	N	US-CDC-N-3	GGGAGCCTTGAATACACCAAAA	22	45.45	28681	28702	F	-18182.2	US
Lineage (WHO label)	Target Gene	Primer Name	Primer Sequence	Primer Length	Primer GC Content (%)	Start Position	End Position	Primer Direction	ΔG (cal)	Primer first used