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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BA.4.1.8 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 F509R854 | CTCGAACTGCACCTCATGG | 19 | 57.89 | 492 | 510 | F | -15679.3 | Japan |
| JN.3.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 F509R854 | CTCGAACTGCACCTCATGG | 19 | 57.89 | 492 | 510 | F | -15679.3 | Japan |
| AY.92 (Delta) | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 F509R854 | CTCGAACTGCACCTCATGG | 19 | 57.89 | 492 | 510 | F | -15679.3 | Japan |
| JH.2 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 F509R854 | CTCGAACTGCACCTCATGG | 19 | 57.89 | 492 | 510 | F | -15679.3 | Japan |
| XBB.1.38.1 | E | Niu-E | CACGTTAACAATATTGCAGC | 20 | 40 | 26391 | 26372 | R | -15680 | China |
| FL.39.1 | E | Niu-E | CACGTTAACAATATTGCAGC | 20 | 40 | 26391 | 26372 | R | -15680 | China |
| BA.2.2.1 | N | CN-CDC-N | GGGGAACTTCTCCTGCTAGAAT | 22 | 50 | 28881 | 28902 | F | -15686.3 | China |
| BA.2.2 | N | CN-CDC-N | GGGGAACTTCTCCTGCTAGAAT | 22 | 50 | 28881 | 28902 | F | -15686.3 | China |
| CM.7.1 | N | SC2 | CTGCAGATTTGGATGATTTCTCC | 23 | 43.48 | 29463 | 29485 | F | -15690.9 | US |
| JN.1.16.3 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| B.1.578 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| MM.1 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| XBB.2.4 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| B.1.1.63 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| B.1.1.322 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| B.1.139 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| AY.112.2 (Delta) | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| B.1.1.389 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -15698.6 | Japan |
| AY.34.2 (Delta) | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 F509R854 | CTCGAACTGCACCTCATGG | 19 | 57.89 | 492 | 510 | F | -15700.2 | Japan |
| XBB.1.5 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15722.9 | Japan |
| A.28 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15722.9 | Japan |
| AY.122.2 (Delta) | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15722.9 | Japan |
| A.29 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15722.9 | Japan |
| B.1.160.29 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15722.9 | Japan |
| XBB.1.5.91 | S | NIID WH-1 F24381R24873 | TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC | 21 | 42.86 | 24364 | 24384 | F | -15723.7 | Japan |
| GK.1.7 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -15743.2 | Japan |
| BA.2.83 | S | NIID WH-1 Seq F24383R24865 | CAAAGACACCTTCACGAGG | 19 | 52.63 | 24848 | 24830 | R | -15743.2 | Japan |
| B.1.1.242 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -15766.7 | Singapore |
| B.19 | N | NIID-JP-N | TGGCAGCTGTGTAGGTCAAC | 20 | 55 | 29282 | 29263 | R | -15770 | Japan |
| BA.2.3.11 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| GA.7.2 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| AY.43.5 (Delta) | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| B.1.177.35 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| FL.2.3.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| AY.62 (Delta) | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| JN.1.3 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| FW.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| FR.1.5 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| XBB.1.33 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| CM.7.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| BE.6 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| JQ.2.1.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| JF.1.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| FW.1.1.1 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| BE.9 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| BE.8 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| BF.19 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| CH.1.1.9 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| BA.2.16 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| BR.5 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 Seq F519R840 | ACCTCATGGTCATGTTATGG | 20 | 45 | 502 | 521 | F | -15795 | Japan |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |