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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BA.2.3.18 | E | Niu-E | CACGTTAACAATATTGCAGC | 20 | 40 | 26391 | 26372 | R | -3779.06 | China |
| BA.2.3.2 | E | Niu-E | CACGTTAACAATATTGCAGC | 20 | 40 | 26391 | 26372 | R | -3779.06 | China |
| BA.5.8 | E | Niu-E | CACGTTAACAATATTGCAGC | 20 | 40 | 26391 | 26372 | R | -3779.06 | China |
| JN.1.4.6 | E | Won-E | TTCGGAAGAGACAGGTACGTT | 21 | 47.62 | 26259 | 26279 | F | -3774.92 | South Korea |
| XDK.2 | E | Won-E | TTCGGAAGAGACAGGTACGTT | 21 | 47.62 | 26259 | 26279 | F | -3774.92 | South Korea |
| unclassifiable | E | Won-E | TTCGGAAGAGACAGGTACGTT | 21 | 47.62 | 26259 | 26279 | F | -3774.92 | South Korea |
| KR.4 | E | Won-E | TTCGGAAGAGACAGGTACGTT | 21 | 47.62 | 26259 | 26279 | F | -3774.92 | South Korea |
| MD.3 | E | Won-E | TTCGGAAGAGACAGGTACGTT | 21 | 47.62 | 26259 | 26279 | F | -3774.92 | South Korea |
| LF.1 | E | Won-E | TTCGGAAGAGACAGGTACGTT | 21 | 47.62 | 26259 | 26279 | F | -3774.92 | South Korea |
| BQ.1.1.70 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| GW.5 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| CM.4 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BA.2.85 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.8 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BA.5.2.28 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BA.5.2.62 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BA.5.2.24 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.28 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.25 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.7.4.3 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BA.5.2.43 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.10 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.1 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BA.5.2.9 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.4 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.41 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.36 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BM.1.1.3 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| BF.5.1 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| FM.1 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| GK.1.11.1 | N | NIID-JP-N | AAATTTTGGGGACCAGGAAC | 20 | 45 | 29125 | 29144 | F | -3736.75 | Japan |
| LB.1.7.2 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -3736.39 | Singapore |
| JN.1.18.7 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -3736.39 | Singapore |
| JN.1.42 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -3736.39 | Singapore |
| JN.1.39.2 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -3736.39 | Singapore |
| FL.20 | S | NIID WH-1 F24381R24873 | TCAAGACTCACTTTCTTCCAC | 21 | 42.86 | 24364 | 24384 | F | -3729.36 | Japan |
| BA.5.8 | ORF1ab | Charité-ORF1b | CARATGTTAAASACACTATTAGCATA | 26 | 23.08 | 15530 | 15505 | R | -3717.85 | Germany |
| BA.2.53 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 F509R854 | CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC | 22 | 40.91 | 837 | 816 | R | -3690.81 | Japan |
| EG.1.5 | ORF1ab | NIID WH-1 F509R854 | CAGAAGTTGTTATCGACATAGC | 22 | 40.91 | 837 | 816 | R | -3690.81 | Japan |
| BA.5.5.1 | ORF1ab | Charité-ORF1b | CARATGTTAAASACACTATTAGCATA | 26 | 23.08 | 15530 | 15505 | R | -3686.07 | Germany |
| CH.1.1.2 | ORF1ab | Charité-ORF1b | CARATGTTAAASACACTATTAGCATA | 26 | 23.08 | 15530 | 15505 | R | -3686.07 | Germany |
| BA.2.18 | ORF1ab | Charité-ORF1b | CARATGTTAAASACACTATTAGCATA | 26 | 23.08 | 15530 | 15505 | R | -3686.07 | Germany |
| BQ.1.1 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -3680.15 | Singapore |
| CH.1.1.2 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -3680.15 | Singapore |
| BF.7.6 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -3680.15 | Singapore |
| BA.4 (Omicron) | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -3680.15 | Singapore |
| BA.4.1 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -3680.15 | Singapore |
| BA.5.5.1 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -3680.15 | Singapore |
| CH.1.1.6 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -3680.15 | Singapore |
| BA.2.75.1 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -3680.15 | Singapore |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |