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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GA.4.1.2 | N | US-CDC-N-3 | TGTAGCACGATTGCAGCATTG | 21 | 47.62 | 28752 | 28732 | R | -18886 | US |
| BF.5.5 | S | Chan-S | CAAGCTATAACGCAGCCTGTA | 21 | 47.62 | 22869 | 22849 | R | -18866.3 | China |
| BA.5.2.38 | S | Chan-S | CAAGCTATAACGCAGCCTGTA | 21 | 47.62 | 22869 | 22849 | R | -18866.3 | China |
| BS.1.2 | S | Chan-S | CAAGCTATAACGCAGCCTGTA | 21 | 47.62 | 22869 | 22849 | R | -18866.3 | China |
| BF.7.13.1 | S | Chan-S | CAAGCTATAACGCAGCCTGTA | 21 | 47.62 | 22869 | 22849 | R | -18866.3 | China |
| XBB.2.3.22 | S | Chan-S | CAAGCTATAACGCAGCCTGTA | 21 | 47.62 | 22869 | 22849 | R | -18866.3 | China |
| KP.3.5 | S | Chan-S | CAAGCTATAACGCAGCCTGTA | 21 | 47.62 | 22869 | 22849 | R | -18866.3 | China |
| B.1.1.291 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -18863.5 | Singapore |
| B.1.578 | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -18863.5 | Singapore |
| B.1.1.7 (Alpha) | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -18863.5 | Singapore |
| AY.121 (Delta) | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -18863.5 | Singapore |
| AY.39.2 (Delta) | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -18863.5 | Singapore |
| XAE | S | Young-S | ATCCAGCCTCTTATTATGTTAGAC | 24 | 37.5 | 21876 | 21853 | R | -18863.5 | Singapore |
| XBB.1.16.25 | N | US-CDC-N-2 | GCGCGACATTCCGAAGAA | 18 | 55.56 | 29230 | 29213 | R | -18863 | US |
| XCS | N | US-CDC-N-2 | GCGCGACATTCCGAAGAA | 18 | 55.56 | 29230 | 29213 | R | -18863 | US |
| BA.5.1.19 | ORF1ab | Won-ORF1ab | CATGTGTGGCGGTTCACTAT | 20 | 50 | 15441 | 15460 | F | -18860.9 | South Korea |
| BA.2.10.3 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -18860.4 | Singapore |
| BA.2.55 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -18860.4 | Singapore |
| BA.2.82 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -18860.4 | Singapore |
| BA.2.42 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -18860.4 | Singapore |
| BA.2.31.1 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -18860.4 | Singapore |
| FL.1.5 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -18860.4 | Singapore |
| HN.4.1.1 | S | Young-S | TATACATGTCTCTGGGACCA | 20 | 45 | 21763 | 21782 | F | -18860.4 | Singapore |
| B.1.1.135 | N | US-CDC-N-3 | TGTAGCACGATTGCAGCATTG | 21 | 47.62 | 28752 | 28732 | R | -18845.2 | US |
| B.4 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.35 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| A.5 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.422 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.6 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.56 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.4.7 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.1.198 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.1.366 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.441 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.416 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.1.63 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.1.263 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.1.135 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| FK.1.4.1 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.13 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| DR.1 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.160.15 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.219 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| N.2 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.208 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| AY.125.1 (Delta) | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| AY.78 (Delta) | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| B.1.159 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| AY.43.5 (Delta) | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| XBC.1.6.4 | ORF1ab | Pasteur-ORF1ab-1 | CTCCCTTTGTTGTGTTGT | 18 | 44.44 | 12797 | 12780 | R | -18837.8 | France |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |