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| Prediction results retrieved after performance evaluation of WHO approved 34 primers to estimate their binding affinities for 3892 SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| Lineage (WHO label)   | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BM.6 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BM.6 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| BA.5.2.46 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -18184 | Thailand |
| BA.5.2.46 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -4270.22 | Thailand |
| BA.5.7 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BA.5.7 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| EF.3 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| EF.3 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| BR.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BR.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| BN.1.2.5 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BN.1.2.5 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| CP.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -18184 | Thailand |
| CP.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -4270.22 | Thailand |
| B.1.160.8 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| B.1.160.8 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -22126.5 | Thailand |
| XBB.2.1 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| XBB.2.1 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| BE.4.1.1 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BE.4.1.1 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| B.1.177.12 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -18954 | Thailand |
| B.1.177.12 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -22126.5 | Thailand |
| DE.1 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| DE.1 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| BA.5.1.8 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BA.5.1.8 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| BQ.1.19 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BQ.1.19 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| BF.3.1 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -18184 | Thailand |
| BF.3.1 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -4270.22 | Thailand |
| BA.5.2.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -18184 | Thailand |
| BA.5.2.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -4270.22 | Thailand |
| BA.5.1.19 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BA.5.1.19 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| BF.7.3 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -18184 | Thailand |
| BF.7.3 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -4270.22 | Thailand |
| BA.2.75.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| BA.2.75.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -3370.08 | Thailand |
| B.55 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| B.55 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -22126.5 | Thailand |
| B.1.14 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| B.1.14 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -22126.5 | Thailand |
| B.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| B.4 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -22126.5 | Thailand |
| B.35 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| B.35 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -22126.5 | Thailand |
| A.5 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| A.5 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -22126.5 | Thailand |
| B.1.422 | N | NIH-TH_N | CGTTTGGTGGACCCTCAGAT | 20 | 55 | 28320 | 28339 | F | -22019.3 | Thailand |
| B.1.422 | N | NIH-TH_N | CCCCACTGCGTTCTCCATT | 19 | 57.89 | 28376 | 28358 | R | -16705.6 | Thailand |
| Lineage (WHO label) | Target Gene | Primer Name | Primer Sequence | Primer Length | Primer GC Content (%) | Start Position | End Position | Primer Direction | ΔG (cal) | Primer first used |